cognitive understanding of managers about managerial effectiveness: application of repertory grid technique

although there is relatively substantial literature about what management is, how it works and what functions are there, but the research findings about what the effective managers do and what features are entitled, is limited. in this context, this paper has extracted individual constructs of managers about managerial effectiveness to provide managerial effectiveness system from point of view of managers. for this purpose, 30 middle managers from the five top comprehensive universities in the cities of tehran, mashhad, shiraz, formed the study sample. for data gathering was used interviews based on repertory grid technique in three steps. finally, the output from the interviews created 30 single personal repertory grids and in total 405 personal constructs about managerial effectiveness. content analysis of these constructs created the aggregated grid consisting of 10 elements and 33 secondary constructs based on priorities and illustrated of managerial effectiveness system of managers.